Prostate Health
Prostate Health
Prostate Cancer
Overview
The prostate is a small walnut-shaped gland present only in men that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and protects sperm. At NURA, as part of the screening for Prostate Cancer we test for abnormal levels of Prostate Specific Antigen, a protein produced by the prostate.
- Prostate Cancer is one of the most common cancers in men.
- In the initial stages, it grows very slowly and is restricted to the gland.
- 5 yr survival rate for prostate cancer found at this stage is nearly 100%*.
*Source: American Cancer Society
Risk Factors
- Older age puts you at greater risk of risk of prostate cancer, especially after the age of 50
- Race is a major factor in assessing your likelihood of developing prostate cancer, observed to usually be more aggressive or advanced in people of African heritage
- A family history of prostate cancer increases your risk of developing the condition later in life. A strong family history of breast cancer has also been linked to a higher risk of prostate cancer
- Obesity makes you more likely to have other advanced diseases, making treatment for prostate cancer more difficult
Stages of Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer has four stages.
Stage I:Cancer is limited to the prostate and PSA levels are less than 10
Stage II:Cancer is limited to the prostate but PSA levels are between 10 and 20
Stage III:Cancer has spread beyond the outer layer of the prostate and may have spread to the seminal vesicles. The PSA can be any level.
Stage IV:Cancer has spread to seminal vesicles to nearby organs, lymph nodes and bones. PSA can be any level.
Screening for Prostate Cancer
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) Test A blood test called a prostate specific antigen (PSA) test measures the level of PSA in the blood. PSA is a substance made by the prostate. The levels of PSA in the blood can be higher in men who have prostate cancer. The PSA level may also be elevated in other conditions that affect the prostate. As a rule, the higher the PSA level in the blood, the more likely a prostate problem is present. But many factors, such as age and race, can affect PSA levels. Some prostate glands make more PSA than others.
